[Hungarian] Accusative Adjectives

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Vous pouvez trouver la version française de cette leçon ici.

In the majority of cases, adjectives decline the same as nouns, however the accusative is a bit different, so we will go over that here.

You can read my previous post on plural adjectives here.


ADJECTIVES ENDING IN VOWELS

Ending in -a / -e

  • make sure to lengthen the vowel! (a – á / e – é)
  • add -t

sárga – sárgát (yellow)

csúnya – csúnyát (ugly)

gyenge – gyengét (weak)

szőke – szőkét (blonde)

Ending in all other vowels

  • add -t

borzasztó – borzasztót (awful)

ehető – ehetőt (edible)

sűrű – sűrűt (dense/thick)

szomorú – szomorút (sad)

régi – régit (old)

kíváncsi – kíváncsit (curious)


ADJECTIVES ENDING IN CONSONANTS

These take linkings vowels -a (back-vowel words) and -e (front-vowel words), so that:

  • back-vowel words: -at
  • front-vowel words: -et

kék – kéket (blue)

értékes – értékeset (valuable)

kész – készet (ready)

alacsony – alacsonyat (low, short)

biztos – biztosat (sure)


Exceptions

Some adjectives take -o as a linking vowel instead. Some examples:

nagy – nagyot (big)

gazdag – gazdagot (rich)

boldog – boldogot (happy)

szabad – szabadot (free)


ADJECTIVES WITH -ATLAN / -ETLEN CONSTRUCTION

These adjectives decline as nouns in the accusative, and as all of these words end in “n”, you simply add -t at the end. No linking vowel needed. (See the accusative post for the explanation on this)

szükségtelen – szükségtelent (unnecessary)

ismeretlen – ismeretlent (unknown)

megváltozhatatlan – megváltozhatatlant (unchangeable)

gondtalan – gondtalant (carefree)


ETHNONYMS

An ethnonym is a name applied to a given ethnic group. In Hungarian, ethnonyms are not capitalized.

Ethnonyms ending in Vowels

These decline as nouns, so they simply take -t at the end. Don’t forget to lengthen the vowels a and e (a – á / e – é)!

Ethnonyms ending in Consonants

These decline as nouns, just like the accusative case.

NO linking vowel after j, l, ly, n, ny, r, s, sz, z, zs (see accusative post for the explanation on this)

All other ethnonyms ending in consonants: take link vowel -o/-e/-ö for back, front, and rounded front vowels respectively.

horvát – horvátot (Croatian)

finn – finnt (Finnish)

lengyel – lengyelt (Polish)


Just as with plural, there are adjectives whose stems will change in accusative as well. Some examples:

nehéz – nehezet (difficult, heavy)

derék – derekat (brave, sturdy)

kevés – keveset (few, little)

bátor – bátrat (brave, courageous)

2 responses to “[Hungarian] Accusative Adjectives”

  1. […] be going over adjectives in Accusative in a separate post (here!!), so that this doesn’t end up too horribly […]

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  2. Volatiana Avatar
    Volatiana

    Thank you so much ! very relevant content

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